Regular nut consumption is linked to better cognitive function in older adults, with higher intake associated with a 68% lower risk of cognitive impairment in a study of Southern Italians.
Study: Nut Consumption Is Associated with Cognitive Status in Southern Italian Adults . Image Credit: Eakrat / Shutterstock
A new study published in the journal Nutrients suggests that older adults who regularly consume nuts may have better cognitive health. The research team found that those with higher nut intake had a 68% lower likelihood of cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13–0.77), emphasizing the role of diet in brain function and aging. Dementia and diet
Gut-Brain Connection: Nuts are rich in polyphenols and fiber, which may support brain health by promoting gut microbiota diversity and improving intestinal integrity—both linked to cognitive function.
With the aging world population, cognitive decline has become a growing public health concern. Dementia and related conditions affect millions worldwide, with risk factors ranging from genetics to lifestyle choices. While some preventive strategies remain elusive, growing research has highlighted the potential of diet in maintaining brain health.
Nutrient-rich foods, particularly those in the Mediterranean diet, are associated with better cognitive function. Nuts, a staple of this diet, are packed with healthy fats, antioxidants, and polyphenols—compounds known for their neuroprotective effects. Some studies suggest that nut consumption can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation , both of which are linked to cognitive impairment.
However, past research has focused largely on specific nuts, such as walnuts, with mixed results. Given the rising prevalence of cognitive disorders and the need for effective dietary interventions, this study explores whether regular nut consumption is linked to better cognitive status in older adults, regardless of the specific type consumed. About the study
In this cross-sectional study, the researchers analyzed data from 883 adults aged 50 and older, drawn from the Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Aging, and Lifestyles (MEAL) study in southern Italy. They assessed the participants’ nut consumption using a 110-item questionnaire that detailed their intake of various nuts, including almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts, peanuts, and chestnuts.
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